AbalaTips 101: Doing a History and Physical Examination --> ACTIVE LEARNING

Hello mga ka-Abalahin, welcome sa AbalaTips, this time we will tackle about the principles of Active Learning in terms of doing a Physical Examination

Scope and Limitation: 
- This blog will only focus on the principles of Active Learning in Doing a History and Physical Examination of both adult and child patient, this will not include the discussion of the topic itself, for discussion, I would like you to read and do Active Learning on the books which I will write below.
- This blog will also list what you will need in your Physical Examination subject and where to buy them and suggestions before buying the materials

Adult History and Physical Examination
1. Bates Guide to Physical Examination
2. DeGowin Diagnostic Examination
3. Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine (Chapter 2)

Pediatric History and Physical Examination
1. Pediatric Physical Examination- Illustrated Handbook (the Bates of Pediatrics)
2. Nelson Symptom Based Diagnosis (like the official textbook but very less pages and focuses more on history taking)

Disclaimers:

A, This AbalaTip is not intended to invalidate or to mention that your learning method is wrong, but rather this is a guide and to emphasize the advantages of active learning in medical school

B. Take note this will involve the correlation of two topics of my blog which is Visual Learning and Active Learning, however those two will only be applied to this blog and other subjects discussed individually as well. If you do not read those blogs, I would suggest you read those two blogs first before reading those since it will give you a hands-on application of blog. Pls click the title on the post below to read more about those blogs


Take note this is also a Practical Learning approach meaning you are not just doing bulleting, making diagram but this is more of an actual setting

Base on the modified NTL Pyramid below this will be the scope of your Physical Examination
 
The goal is to do at least passive learning in terms of reading to demonstrating but as you go to Clinical clerkship you can do in terms 75% in terms of retaining skill and Post graduate internship goal is to make 90% of the skill

Tips:
- read first about the procedures and how it will correlate well with the diseases
- watch youtube videos and how to do proper skills and proper history taking
- listen to the sound and possible diseases correlation (available in Youtube)
- practice doing the skills by doing it to practice patient
- try listening on the actual, it will help you a lot in terms of long term memory especially when in Clinical Clerkship

Things that you will need
1. Stethoscope (Litmann Classic II and above is preferrable)
2. Penlight
3. Thermometer 
4. Tape measure 
5. Reflex Hammer
6. Tuning fork (preferrably 256 Hz with dampers) since can be used even on noisy places
7. Sphygmanometer (Adult usually, Pedia has different sizes)
8. Pulse oximeter 
9. Sterile tongue depressors 
10. Cotton balls 
11. Funduscope/Otoscope 
12. KY Jelly (if you are asked to do Rectal Examination
13. Gloves (Sterile or Clean Gloves)

This could be bought in medical stores (usally Bambang here in Metro Manila) 

For the Stethoscope, here are the authorized resellers: 

Take note in reality, it is not scripted since patient conditions vary, it may be applied in 2nd year but on 4th yr it will be different


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